Soils are made up of four basic components: minerals, air, water, and organic matter. In most soils, minerals represent around 45% of the total volume, water and air about 25% each, and organic matter from 2% to 5%. The mineral portion consists of three distinct particle sizes classified as sand, silt, or clay. Sand is the largest particle that can be considered soil. Soil is the basis of farming. It delivers water and nutrients to crops, physically supports plants, helps control pests, determines where rainfall goes after it hits the earth, and protects the quality of drinking water, air, and wildlife habitat. It delivers water and nutrients to crops, physically supports plants, helps control pests, determines where rainfall goes after it hits the earth, and protects the quality of drinking water, air, and wildlife habitat.
Ideal soil condition:
Good soil condition and adequate fertility are basic to sustainable and organic agriculture. An ideal soil should:
1. be well drained,
2. have a deep rooting zone,
3. be easily penetrated by air, water, and roots,
4. have a good water-holding capacity,
5. have a balanced nutrient supply, and
6. resist erosion
Good soil condition and adequate fertility are basic to sustainable and organic agriculture. An ideal soil should:
1. be well drained,
2. have a deep rooting zone,
3. be easily penetrated by air, water, and roots,
4. have a good water-holding capacity,
5. have a balanced nutrient supply, and
6. resist erosion
BIO FERTILIZERS
Bio fertilizers are inputs containing efficient strains of specific micro- organisms which are capable of mobilizing nutritive elements required for the plants by fixing atmospheric nitrogen, solubilising and enhancing up take of soil phosphorus and stimulating plant growth through synthesis of growth promoting substances
Biofertilizers make nutrients that are naturally abundant in soil or atmosphere usable for plants. Field studies have demonstrated them to be effective and cheap inputs, free from the environmentally adverse implications that chemicals have. Biofertilizers offer a new technology to Indian agriculture holding a promise to balance many of the shortcomings of the conventional chemical based technology. It is a product that is likely to be commercially promising in the long run once information becomes available adequately to producers and farmers through experience and communication. There is an ongoing attempt to promote biofertilizer in Indian agriculture through public intervention, and in keeping with the spirit of the times, the policy motivates private sector and profit motive to propel the new technology. .Government of India and the various State Governments have been promoting the nascent biofertilizer market both at the level of the user-farmer and the producer-investor
Types Of Bio Fertilizers
· Nitrogen fixers
· Phosphate solubilisers
Advantages of bio fertilizers
· harnesses atmospheric nitrogen and makes it available directly to
· the plants
· Increases phosphorus uptake by solubilising and releasing unavailable
· Phosphorus.
· Enhances root proliferation due to release of growth promoting harmones
· Increases the crop yields by 10 - 25 %.
· Improves soil properties and sustain soil fertility.
· Are cost effective and environment friendly. Benefit to cost ratio of Bio-fertilizers is fairly high.
Bio fertilizers are inputs containing efficient strains of specific micro- organisms which are capable of mobilizing nutritive elements required for the plants by fixing atmospheric nitrogen, solubilising and enhancing up take of soil phosphorus and stimulating plant growth through synthesis of growth promoting substances
Biofertilizers make nutrients that are naturally abundant in soil or atmosphere usable for plants. Field studies have demonstrated them to be effective and cheap inputs, free from the environmentally adverse implications that chemicals have. Biofertilizers offer a new technology to Indian agriculture holding a promise to balance many of the shortcomings of the conventional chemical based technology. It is a product that is likely to be commercially promising in the long run once information becomes available adequately to producers and farmers through experience and communication. There is an ongoing attempt to promote biofertilizer in Indian agriculture through public intervention, and in keeping with the spirit of the times, the policy motivates private sector and profit motive to propel the new technology. .Government of India and the various State Governments have been promoting the nascent biofertilizer market both at the level of the user-farmer and the producer-investor
Types Of Bio Fertilizers
· Nitrogen fixers
· Phosphate solubilisers
Advantages of bio fertilizers
· harnesses atmospheric nitrogen and makes it available directly to
· the plants
· Increases phosphorus uptake by solubilising and releasing unavailable
· Phosphorus.
· Enhances root proliferation due to release of growth promoting harmones
· Increases the crop yields by 10 - 25 %.
· Improves soil properties and sustain soil fertility.
· Are cost effective and environment friendly. Benefit to cost ratio of Bio-fertilizers is fairly high.
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